Possession of Illegal Weapons in Kosova

The Kosovar Centre for Security Studies (KCSS) is announcing the release of a new in-depth report titled "Possession of Illegal Weapons in Kosova", authored by Vesa Kroçi. This timely publication offers a comprehensive analysis of one of Kosovo’s most pressing security issues — the continued proliferation and misuse of illegal firearms.

Drawing on historical context, legal frameworks, institutional efforts, desk research, interview  with the Director of the Public Safety Department the report sheds light on how cultural legacies, weak border controls, and organized crime have perpetuated the illegal weapons market in Kosovo. While substantial progress has been made, including weapons amnesties and the strengthening of firearm regulations, thousands of unlicensed weapons remain in circulation, undermining public safety and contributing to domestic violence, youth crime, and regional trafficking networks.

Notably, the report highlights:

• The shift from post-war surplus arms to newly manufactured and trafficked firearms.
• The legal and strategic measures Kosovo has taken, including the SALW Strategy 2024–2028 and cooperation with regional and EU partners.
• The gendered impact of gun violence, with a particular focus on femicide and domestic abuse.
• The socio-cultural roots of gun ownership, including insights from the Kanun and traditional norms that still influence perceptions of firearms.
• The institutional challenges in border enforcement, judicial follow-through, and public trust in disarmament efforts.

In addition to analyzing the status quo, the publication offers clear and actionable recommendations, ranging from enhanced cross-border cooperation to community outreach, judicial reform, and investment in youth education around non-violence and civic responsibility.

“Illegal firearm possession is not just a law enforcement issue — it’s a societal challenge that touches on identity, security, and trust in institutions,” said author Vesa Kroçi. “Our aim with this report is to support evidence-based policies that reduce harm, prevent violence, and help Kosovo move toward a safer and more peaceful future.”